Recycle

Recycling is processing used materials (waste) into new products to prevent waste of potentially useful materials, reduce the consumption of fresh raw materials, reduce energy usage, reduce air pollution (from incineration) and water pollution (from landfilling) by reducing the need for "conventional" waste disposal, and lower greenhouse gas emissions as compared to virgin production.Recycling is a key component of modern waste reduction and is the third component of the "Reduce, Reuse, Recycle" waste hierarchy.

As an individual,we have a lot of goods, whatever we are realizing that or not, are actually a trash (consumer waste). 

There are 2 ways to recycle consumer waste:

Collection

A number of different systems have been implemented to collect recyclates from the general waste stream. These systems lie along the spectrum of trade-off between public convenience and government ease and expense. The three main categories of collection are "drop-off centres", "buy-back centres" and "curbside collection".

1. Drop-off centres

Drop off centres require the waste producer to carry the recyclates to a central location, either an installed or mobile collection station or the reprocessing plant itself. They are the easiest type of collection to establish, but suffer from low and unpredictable throughput.

2. Buy-back centres

Buy-back centres differ in that the cleaned recyclates are purchased, thus providing a clear incentive for use and creating a stable supply. The post-processed material can then be sold on, hopefully creating a profit. 

3. Curbside collection

Curbside collection encompasses many subtly different systems, which differ mostly on where in the process the recyclates are sorted and cleaned. The main categories are mixed waste collection, commingled recyclables and source separation.

At one end of the spectrum is mixed waste collection, in which all recyclates are collected mixed in with the rest of the waste, and the desired material is then sorted out and cleaned at a central sorting facility. This results in a large amount of recyclable waste, paper especially, being too soiled to reprocess, but has advantages as well: the city need not pay for a separate collection of recyclates and no public education is needed. Any changes to which materials are recyclable is easy to accommodate as all sorting happens in a central location.

In a Commingled or single-stream system, all recyclables for collection are mixed but kept separate from other waste. This greatly reduces the need for post-collection cleaning but does require public education on what materials are recyclable.

Source separation is the other extreme, where each material is cleaned and sorted prior to collection. This method requires the least post-collection sorting and produces the purest recyclates, but incurs additional operating costs for collection of each separate material. An extensive public education program is also required, which must be successful if recyclate contamination is to be avoided.

Source separation used to be the preferred method due to the high sorting costs incurred by commingled collection. Advances in sorting technology (see sorting below), however, have lowered this overhead substantially—many areas which had developed source separation programs have since switched to comingled collection.

Sorting

Once commingled recyclates are collected and delivered to a central collection facility, the different types of materials must be sorted. This is done in a series of stages, many of which involve automated processes such that a truck-load of material can be fully sorted in less than an hour.Some plants can now sort the materials automatically, known as single-stream recycling. A 30 percent increase in recycling rates has been seen in the areas where these plants exist.

Initially, the commingled recyclates are removed from the collection vehicle and placed on a conveyor belt spread out in a single layer. Large pieces of corrugated fiberboard and plastic bags are removed by hand at this stage, as they can cause later machinery to jam.

Next, automated machinery separates the recyclates by weight, splitting lighter paper and plastic from heavier glass and metal. Cardboard is removed from the mixed paper, and the most common types of plastic, PET (#1) and HDPE (#2), are collected. This separation is usually done by hand, but has become automated in some sorting centers: a spectroscopic scanner is used to differentiate between different types of paper and plastic based on the absorbed wavelengths, and subsequently divert each material into the proper collection channel.

Strong magnets are used to separate out ferrous metals, such as iron, steel, and tin-plated steel cans ("tin cans"). Non-ferrous metals are ejected by magnetic eddy currents in which a rotating magnetic field induces an electric current around the aluminium cans, which in turn creates a magnetic eddy current inside the cans. This magnetic eddy current is repulsed by a large magnetic field, and the cans are ejected from the rest of the recyclate stream.

Finally, glass must be sorted by hand based on its color: brown, amber, green or clear.

We'll that's what we can do to help our earth breathing a little bit longer. 

Keep our earth clean and save! 

Cheers

Reuse

To reuse is to use an item again after is been used. This includes conventional reuse where the item is used again for the same function, and new-life reuse where it is used for a different function

Reuse has certain potential advantages:
Energy and raw materials savings as replacing many single use products with one reusable one reduces the number that need to be manufactured.
Reduced disposal needs and costs.
Refurbishment can bring sophisticated, sustainable, well paid jobs to underdeveloped economies.
Cost savings for business and consumers as a reusable product is often cheaper than the many single use products it replaces.
Some older items were better handcrafted and appreciate in value.

Disadvantages are also apparent:
Reuse often requires cleaning or transport, which have environmental costs.
Some items, such as freon appliances or infant auto seats, could be hazardous or less energy efficient as they continue to be used.
Reusable products need to be more durable than single-use products, and hence require more material per item. This is particularly significant if only a small proportion of the reusable products are in fact reused.
Sorting and preparing items for reuse takes time, which is inconvenient for consumers and costs money for businesses.

Reusing many unused items will reduce any kind of waste. 
Many of old things can be reuse for something new (repurpose) and we can make it with just a little touch.

I will discuss some example of reusing some old stuff on the next post. 
See ya..

Reduce

The most effective way to reduce waste is to not create it in the first place.When you avoid making garbage, you don't have to worry about disposing of waste or recycling it later. Changing your habits is the key — think about ways you can reduce your waste when you shop, work and play. There's a ton of ways for you to reduce waste, save yourself some time and money, and be good to the Earth at the same time.

There's somany ways to reduce waste. A simple actions from home to office will be more efficient an effective to be done from our self. 

Here are some examples:

At home
1. reduce the amount of waste you create by choosing what rubbish you throw away. Choose the trash that is throw able and reuse the rest that valuable.
2. bring your own bag to shop will reduce the use of plastic bag.
3. make a shopping list, so you will not overbuy something unnecessary.
4. use reusable materials instead of throw-away type.
5. repurpose - use something old for something new.
6. donate the valuable unused item that you don't need to those who need. 
7. give unused things to be recycled.
8. subscribe for a e-paper statement/letter instead of receiving letters that you might never want to read it.

At School or office
1. bring your own food or use your lunch box to order food. 
2. use your reusable water bottle to drink.
3. take only what you eat.
4. use the reusable stationary/utilities.
5. use less paper, and use both sides of paper. 

So, let's do it. 
Every little good thing should be started from ourselves.